Search Our Essay Database

Essay Instructions: Please read the article below and answer the questions at the end of the page.




Small Device Helps Sleep Apnea Sufferers In A Big Way

ScienceDaily (Feb. 4, 2009) ??" A Device Tested By The University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio Dental School Helps Pull The Lower Jaw Forward, Creating An Open Airway In The Throat To Benefit Those With Moderate To Severe Sleep Apnea. It Is More Appealing, Affordable And Easier To Use Than Standard Therapies.



Imagine Choking And Gasping For Air Every Time You Fall Asleep. Between 18 Million And 20 Million People In The United States Suffer From These Frightening Symptoms Because Of A Common Disorder Called Sleep Apnea. Because Of A Lack Of Awareness Among Both Health Professionals And The Public, Up To 90 Percent Of Sufferers Aren’t Diagnosed Or Treated, And That Could Prove Deadly.

When Left Untreated, Sleep Apnea May Lead To More Serious Health Problems. According To National Health Statistics, Nearly 38,000 Cardiovascular Deaths Annually Are In Some Way Related To Sleep Apnea.



Dental Researchers Offer New Treatment Alternative

Although Treatment Is Available, Many Don’t Comply With Standard Therapies. Researchers In The Dental School At The University Of Texas Health Science Center At San Antonio Are Offering Another Treatment Option That Is More Appealing, More Affordable And Easier To Use Than Standard Therapies.



The Thornton Adjustable Positioner Is A Device That Helps Pull The Lower Jaw Forward, Creating An Open Airway In The Throat.



Paul McLornan, B.D.S., Assistant Professor In The Department Of Prosthodontics, Is The Lead Investigator Of An 18-Month Study Involving Sleep Apnea Patients At The South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie Murphy Division. Researchers Used An Oral Appliance Called The Thornton Adjustable Positioner (TAP) To Treat Those Suffering From Moderate To Severe Sleep Apnea.



Patients Did Not Use Standard Treatment

“What We Found Was That Many Of Our Patients With Moderate To Severe Sleep Apnea Were Not Adhering To Standard Treatment With A Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Machine,” Dr. McLornan Said. Although The CPAP Is Considered To Be The Gold Standard In Treating Sleep Apnea And Is Very Effective, Dr. McLornan Said Compliance By Patients Is Well Below 50 Percent.

“Some Patients Say The Machine (Which Uses A Face Mask Connected To Tubes And Blows Air Down A Patient’s Throat During Sleep To Keep The Airway Open), Is Cumbersome Or Noisy,” Dr. McLornan Said. “Some Said It Was Uncomfortable Or That It Bothered Their Spouses, Or That They Were Just Too Embarrassed To Use The Machine.”

Dr. McLornan’s Study Proved That The TAP Device, Which Is Much Smaller And Fits In A Patient’s Mouth, Is Now An Option For Patients With Severe Sleep Apnea.





New Device Moves Lower Jaw Forward, Opening The Airway

Patients Were Fitted With The TAP Appliance And Given A Tiny Key That Fits In The Front Of The Device. The Patient Was Instructed To Wear The Appliance Every Night And To Insert And Turn The Key Several Millimeters Before Bedtime. By Turning The Key, The Patient Pulls His Lower Jaw Forward, Thus Creating An Open Airway In The Throat.

Patients In His Study Improved Significantly When Using The TAP. “We Saw Patients Who Began The Study With Severe Sleep Apnea End The Study With Very Mild Or No Sleep Apnea. They Reported Sleeping Better, Feeling More Rested In The Morning And Altogether Healthier.”

Dr. McLornan Said This Research Is Vital To Both The Medical And Dental Communities.



Many Health Issues Associated With Sleep Apnea

“Sleep Apnea Is A Growing And Serious Problem For People Of All Ages And All Ethnic Groups,” Dr. McLornan Said. “If Left Untreated, It Becomes Progressively Worse. People Suffering From Sleep Apnea Are At Increased Risk For High Blood Pressure, Heart Attacks, Strokes, Obesity And Diabetes. It Takes Both Dentists And Medical Professionals Working Together To Control This Potentially Deadly Disorder. The TAP Gives Patients Another Viable Treatment Alternative.” It Is Also Less Invasive And Costly Than CPAP Or Surgery.



Consult Doctor With Concerns About Sleep Apnea

Dr. McLornan Said Patients Who Think They May Suffer From Sleep Apnea Should Consult Their Family Physician And Undergo A Standard Sleep Study In A Lab. Costs Are Normally Covered By Medical Insurance.

The American Academy Of Sleep Medicine, The Professional Society That Sets The Standards For And Promotes Excellence In Sleep Medicine, Now Recommends That Oral Appliances Can Be The First Line Of Treatment For People With Mild To Moderate Sleep Apnea. Dr. McLornan’s Study Demonstrates It Can Be Used For Patients With Severe Problems As Well.



QUESTION



1. In Simple Terms, Briefly Describe The Invention And Summarize The Significance Of The Underlying Technology Innovation



2. How Can You Plan For The Next Generation Technology That Might Replace Or Threaten Your Product?



3. What New Opportunities Might Arise If You Look At The Technology Trajectory In Other Industries And Their Intersection With The Biomedical Technology



4. Write In One Sentence, Why Your Technology Will Be Purchased Over And Over Current Treatment Options ??" In Other Words Define The Value Proposition For Your Technology



5. Describe The Type Of Intellectual Property Needed For The Commercialization Of Your Chosen Product For A Specific Indication Or Device

Essay Instructions: The instructions for this paper are to include a summarization of the information from the topic of "polysomnography" including a thesis (well structured logical argument) as to why I chose this particular topic to write about.

Paper needs to be typed with double space and 12 font Times New Roman. The paper is to be no longer than 1500 words. All sources are to be cited in APA format.

I will send you one source of info the paper can be cited from and you can use additional sources as well

The reason I chose this topic "polysomnography" is due to how much Obstructive Sleep Apnea is under diagnosed but it is a very common disorder. It can cause the patient many additional health problems that could be slowed or resolved. I do not want more than 7 - 8 citations throughout the paper. I will need a complete Reference Page in APA format.





There are faxes for this order.

Essay Instructions: Using this guide, please write a two page paper, and please make sure to include the reference as APA format as I’m getting late orders because writers neglect to include the references and do not submit the re-writes on time. Thank you



Quantitative Research Designs
In order to find the best information on a topic, not only should you develop a question and search for resources, but you should also know how to analyze the value of the resources that you identify. There are different ways to evaluate resources, such as using the hierarchy of evidence, which you explored in Week 4 of this course. Another way to evaluate resources is to consider the appropriateness of the research design. Understanding how research designs contribute to the quality of a study is essential for being able to analyze resources when conducting a literature review or locating evidence for practice.
In this Discussion, you consider the different research designs and evaluate how these designs have been used to research a specific topic. You also consider strategies for selecting an appropriate research design.
To prepare:
• Review the information in the course texton quantitative research designs. Focus on the information in Box 9.1, “Guidelines for Critiquing Research Designs in Quantitative Studies” located on page 230 of the course text.
• Select a topic from the list below and search the Walden Library to find two different quantitative research studies addressing that issue:
o Caregiver stress
o Anxiety in children
o Sleep apnea
o Depression in college freshmen
o Rural health care issues
o Post-traumatic stress syndrome
o Traumatic brain injury in veterans
o Health effects of environmental contaminants
o Bipolar disorder
o End-of-life ethical issues
o Alternative medicine
• For each of the sources that you select, identify the type of quantitative research design used, and evaluate whether it is the most appropriate approach to the research.
• Consider the ramifications of choosing an inappropriate design for a research study.
Post on or before Day 3 the topic you selected, references for the two sources you identified, and the quantitative research design used in each. Critique the appropriateness of the design used and justify your comments with information from the Learning Resources. Discuss the ramifications of choosing an inappropriate design for a research study.


NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice “Quantitative Research for Evidence-Based Practice” Program Transcript
NARRATOR: Quantitative research includes any study or project that involves the use of numerical data or information that can be described using numbers. But having an effective research design is critical for the validity and success of all quantitative research ventures. In this video, Doctor Kristen Mauk speaks about the design of her DNP project, which explored the effect of education on new nurses in a rehabilitation unit.
Doctor Mauk's project can be considered a quantitative study, because it involved comparing the numerical results from tests that nurses completed before and after receiving educational materials, and then performing statistical tests to check for significance in the findings.
KRISTEN MAUK, PHD: I found a unit that was nearby, and they had opened a brand new rehab unit. And I collaborated with the nurse manager to see what would be the best methods for them to learn. And she said that her rehab staff didn't really have a lot of training specifically in rehab. They were experienced, wonderful nurses, but they were opening a new unit.
Well, my background was rehab, and I decided, ooh, well here was a good problem. Would education make a difference in their knowledge about rehabilitation? So that was my question. I designed, in collaboration with the nurse manager and the administration and using all those techniques about being a change agent, and communication, and people skills, we designed a project that fit that unit.
So first I went to the literature and found that, yes, knowledge makes a difference. If you're educating nurses, yes, they will-- if you give them education, that will result in better knowledge. So I designed a pre- and post-test using a tool that was already in existence to measure rehab knowledge. And I took 15 basic competencies of rehabilitation as set forth by the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses.
© 2012 Laureate Education, Inc. 1
So you have to do your homework, and get your background, and kind of set up your methods, how you're going to work this. So I looked at what had other people done to measure knowledge outcomes, and a pre- and post-test design just was very logical. It measured their knowledge that they had coming in about these competencies, and then give them some education on it, and measure their knowledge going out.
They didn't have enough staff to perhaps cover shifts for each other. And in working with the organization, it shouldn't have had to cost them a lot of money. So in order to do those things, we had to modify our methods to make sure that it was something that was assessable, that wouldn't take a lot of time, that nurses could do in their down time that was available.
They could take their pre- and post-test at home if they wanted to, because it was online. And yet, when you mention technology, the nursing staff was mainly an older age group, so they didn't want the educational modules to be on the computer. They wanted them in paper and pencil form.
So for me, as the person implementing the project, that was a little bit challenging, because I was kind of used to the online form and had the PowerPoints. Now I had to translate those into what would I do if I was standing up teaching this as a course, and write all my notes at the bottom, and figure out how to put that in a paper and pencil module that was interesting, and not boring, and informative, and had the main points for people to learn.
Well, when you do your analysis, which would be quantitative, when I looked at the numbers of their pre- and post-test scores, then I could plug them in into the SPSS 14 statistical package, and it told me that I had a significant difference. It takes out all the variables as far as demographics, et cetera, so that I could attribute my intervention of the education to the difference in their scores, which were highly significant.
© 2012 Laureate Education, Inc. 2